Retractable roof for passenger vehicles, especially a hard top two-seater convertibles roadsters, or similar

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to a retractable roof ( 1 ) for passenger vehicles, especially a hard top for two-seater convertibles, roadsters or similar, comprising a roof part ( 2 ) made from a curved dimensionally stable shell, and a rear window ( 9 ) for a window opening in the rear roof part ( 2 ), also comprising an accommodating area ( 8 ) located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle directly behind the seats, wherein the roof part ( 2 ) can be moved in and out by means of guiding and drive means. The roof part ( 2 ) is kinematically and restrictively guided on rails ( 5 ) in the accommodating area ( 8 ) on a guide track. The aim of the invention is to provide a retractable roof of the above-mentioned variety which exhibits the required structural rigidity yet which is lightweight, operates smoothly and is mechanically simply and easy to use while at the same time being compact. Said aim is achieved by extending the accommodating area ( 8 ) along a movement curve correspondingly produced by the upward and downward movement of the roof part ( 2 ) as far as the area to the side of the seat group ( 7 ). The rails ( 5 ), which are secured to the body structure by means f carrier plates ( 6 ) vertical and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, form guides for the rear ends of the roof extending to the side of the seat group ( 7 ) for the rear ends of the roof part which are guided on the rails ( 5 ) by means of guide carriages arranged on the ends and the rear window ( 9 ) is directly integrated into the roof part such that it can be inserted and extracted therefrom.

The invention relates to a retractile car roof, in particular a hard top for a two-seater convertible, roadster, or the like, the roof having an arcuate rigid shell, a rear window for a window opening in the rear roof part, a storage compartment extending transversely of the vehicle axis immediately behind the seats and into and out of which the roof part its guide and drive means can move, the main roof part being guided on rails into its storage compartment.

German 36 342 058 and EP 0,261,379 describe a closable roof for a car having a one-piece rigid and stable roof element having when raised a generally horizontal upper roof region and is side parts extending downwardly and back relative to the car and a pair of pivots on each of the two side parts or the rear of the roof that in a raised position of the roof are spaced apart somewhat below the vehicle body and that have a pair guide rails symmetrically on each of the two sides of the vehicle in which the pivots engage. The two guide rails of each pair have their upper ends spaced apart with the respective pivots and extend from there downward along similar paths so that their spacing decreases going down so as to produce an opening movement where the upper roof part is raised and then on further movement is dropped while generally vertical into its lower end position. The pivots in a first movement phase are moved in the guide rails downwardly along an arc so that the roof tips up with the upper roof part and the rear part pivots downward. The two rails that are fixed inside the car on the inside and that guide projections of the side parts via their pivots takes up quite a bit of space behind the seats and into the trunk area. Furthermore canting of the various guide elements is possible as a result of the difficult force distribution during opening and closing.

German 43 24 708 discloses a lowerable roof for cars, in particular for two-seater convertibles, having a shell forming a roof plate and rear roof posts and movable into a storage compartment between side walls of the vehicle body to which end it is oriented in a vehicle plane, forming a window opening for a rear window between a rear edge of the roof plate and the posts, and provided with guides for moving the roof plate and rear window so that the rear window can move from a lowered position relative to the roof plate into a lower position in which its edges are closely juxtaposed with the roof plate. The roof shell can drop down in lateral storage compartments via guides that are independent of the guides of the rear window and longitudinally slidable in the roof shell.

The two guide rails on the inner wall of the car that guide pivots or pins take up a great deal of space behind the seat and into the trunk area. In addition canting of the various guide elements is possible as a result of how the forces are applied during opening and closing. High surface pressures are created that make it difficult to operate the roof.

In addition German 40 38 074 describes a lowerable roof for cars, in particular a hard roof for a convertible, having roof posts to each side of a rear window of the roof that seen from the side with a storage position of the lower roof in a storage compartment in which the forward longitudinal regions of the roof form an obtuse angle underneath the roof posts and into which the roof can be lowered in which case the roof is tipped into the storage compartment. The rear window forms with the roof raised between the roof posts the rear part of the roof and can be moved from this position into a storage position in which with the roof lowered it is stowed above the lower ends of the roof posts. The roof is mounted on the motor-vehicle body by a pair of linkages that symmetrically flank the vehicle center plane and whose upper ends are pivoted at lower ends of the roof posts and that each include at least one guide link extending along an angled line to the rear window that is pivoted at its upper edge on the roof and at its lower end on the body of the vehicle. With this known solution parts of the passenger compartment are taken up by the lowering and raising process as a result of the relatively bulky linkages. The linkages are also mechanically expensive and failure-prone.

U.S. Pat. No. 2,191,269 describes a lowerable roof without rear posts for a convertible, wherein a raising and lowering mechanism formed by large and small rollers is provide that extends behind and partially below the seats. The raising and lowering mechanism is very likely to jam as a result of the roller drive and takes up all the space behind the seats. All the known lowerable roof of the prior art achieve the required structural rigidity by being relatively massive, and are mechanically complex and expensive.

It is an object of the invention, in view of this state of the art, to improve on a lowerable roof of the above-described type such that the necessary structural rigidity is achieved with less weight, easier operation, and more mechanical simplicity and usability while also taking up less space.

This object is achieved by a roof of the above-described type having the features of the characterizing clause of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the roof are seen in the dependent claims.

The roof according to the invention is characterized in that the storage compartment for the roof part extends to immediately adjacent the seats and rear ends of the roof part fit laterally to the sides of the seats. This is made possible in that the storage compartment which follows the movement arc has the generally shape of an envelope curve and the guide rails are fixed on upright support plates fixed to the vehicle body and extending parallel to the vehicle longitudinal axis. The roof according to the invention only needs two guide rails, one for each rear end of the roof part. In this manner room and weight are spared.

The roof according to the invention has in spite of its small mass considerable structural rigidity and offers when closed the same comfort as a permanently closed coupe. It takes up little space, operates easily and simply, and does not restrict rearward view.

The invention is more closely described in the following with reference to two embodiments.

Therein:

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a two-seater convertible with the roof up and a circularly arcuate guide;

FIG. 2 is a variant of the guide slide with four rollers in end and side views;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section through the convertible at the start of the lowering operation;

FIG. 4 shows the pivotal guiding of the roof;

FIG. 5 is a view of a guide slide with a pivot according to FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a further longitudinal section through the car at the end of the lowering operation;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the storage compartment for the roof;

FIG. 8 a is a longitudinal section through the roof part with integrated rear window showing movement at (a) through (e) during extension of the rear window;

FIG. 8 b is an enlarged view of the movement according to FIG. 8 a as the rear window is being extended;

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal section through a two-seater convertible with the roof lowered and the rear window raised to the windscreen position;

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal section through a two-seater convertible with an S-shaped guide and the roof up with an integrated roll bar;

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal section through a two-seater convertible with an S-shaped guide and the roof down with an integrated roll bar; and

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a two-seater convertible with an S-shaped guide and the roof down with an integrated roll bar.

EXAMPLE 1

FIG. 1 shows by way of example a two-seater convertible having according to the invention a roof 1. It is comprised of a main roof part 2 shaped as an arcuate rigid shell and having rear ends 3 forming support arms extending along the line of the arc of the roof part 2. The lower ends of these support arms are each connected to a guide slide 4 pivotal about a horizontal transverse axis and carrying rollers or slide pads. The guide slides 4 ride on rigid double-T-rails 5 or square-section rails that are mounted un upright support plates 6 extending parallel to the vehicle longitudinal axis and fixed on the vehicle body. Each rear end 3 is guided by a respective slide 4 on a respective rail 5. The rails 5 are of low-friction construction with a hard surface.

FIG. 2 shows the compact arrangement of one the guide slides 4 with four rollers 10 that roll on the rail 5. The rails 5 extend along guide paths FBK centered on a horizontal transverse axis Q. The axis Q is outside the vehicle. The two rails 5 extend behind the seats 7 into a storage compartment 8 that extends along the movement curve of the roof part 2 when being lowered or raised.

The roof 1 engages with its front edge on an upper frame of the windshield. The roof 1 is moved by standard drives and can be operated wholly automatically.

FIG. 3 shows the roof 1 at the start of the movement of the roof 1 down into the storage compartment 8. As a result of the arcuate shape of the shell of the roof 2 it lifts from the upper edge of the windshield. Synchronously with movement along the rails 5, the roof is pivoted about an axis P through the slides.

FIG. 4 shows for simplicity's sake in a straight guide-rail part how, in order to guide it as simply and easily as possible, the roof rides via pins 20 in track grooves in the rails 5 on the support plates 6 largely without play. The pins 20 are set on a circle centered on the slide axis P and offset angularly by the angle β from one another. As it moves along a stretch T a track groove 21 pivots the roof through the angle β. Then as the guided pin leaves its track the next following pin engages in the next track 22 in order to continue pivoting the roof. The pivoting tracks in this embodiment are shaped as trochoids. The trochoid shapes vary slightly from a straight line and can in fact be made as straight lines to hold down production costs. With a circularly arcuate guide rail 5 the shapes of the guide tracks 21 and 22 are correspondingly circularly arcuate. Changing the shapes can produce different pivoting speeds.

FIG. 5 shows the slide 4 which is guided on the rail 5 by means of the pin 20 engaging in the track 21. When being lowered, the rear ends 3 of the roof part 2 as shown in FIG. 6 travel along the circularly arcuate guide FBK past the roll bar 23 into the end position. The rear ends 3 pass on the rails 5 laterally past the seats 7. The roof part 2 is positioned after being lowered in a somewhat angled position behind the back of the seats 7 in the storage compartment 8.

FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of this storage compartment that is comprised of a central space 25 and two side spaces 26. The side spaces 26 accommodate the rear ends and the center space the roof shell. The center space 25 is quite compact so that there is room for a drive element below this central space 25.

The rear window 9 as shown in FIG. 8 a is integrated into the roof part 2 and has a circularly arcuate or rotation-symmetrical shape like that of the roof part 2. The rear window 9 can slide tightly underneath the roof surface and drop down in two parallel guide slots 11 by means of pins 12 and 13. The guide slots 11 are formed inside the roof shell along side edges of the roof shell. They split near their upper ends into a guide section 15 that follows the arc of the roof part and a guide section 16 extending into the vehicle interior. Their intersection A is provided with a spring-like deflector plate 17 that traverses the guide section 16. The pins 12 and 13 are held by a frame and are spaced apart by a distance B that corresponds to a spacing C of the two guide sections 15 and 16 at their upper ends. The spring-like deflector plate 17 has at the intersection 15 a length that is smaller than the spacing B of the guide pins 12 and 13.

When moved outward, the rear window 9 slide via the pins 12 and 13 in the guide slots, with the pin 12 tracking in the inwardly extending guide section 16 and moving therein into its end position. Since as shown in FIG. 8 b in larger scale the pin 13 is deflected by the spring-like plate 17, the section 15 is left clear for the pin 12. The rear window 9 is erected and assumes a windscreen position. When moved inward, the rear window 9 tracks in an opposite sequence of movements.

FIG. 9 shows the rear window 9 extended as a windscreen. The rear window 9 is lightly circularly arcuate or rotation symmetrical to a horizontal transverse axis of the convertible. Its concave side 19 is turned toward the interior of the vehicle. When the roof 1 is up it presses the rear window 9 against seals that are provided on roof and car-body surfaces. The rear window 9 can also alternatively be provided with an annular seal.

EXAMPLE 2

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal section through a two-seater convertible with an S-shaped guide FBS for the roof part 2. The rear window 9 in this example is guided like a slide roof in the roof shell so that it can extend to the front roof edge. It is guided in two arcuate tracks in upright planes parallel to the vehicle longitudinal axis in the roof shell. In order to make the mechanism as compact as possible, the rear window 9 is made rotation symmetrical about a horizontal transverse axis of the vehicle and can in a simplified embodiment be planar and flat from side to side. It thus has the shape of a cylindrical surface segment.

A roll bar 23 is integrated into the front edge of the roof. As shown in FIG. 11 when the roof is lowered its front part still projects up out of the storage compartment. A cover 24 is slid over the roof and extended into the storage compartment to leave rearward sight lines clear. The rear window can be brought in this roof opening into a windscreen position. FIG. 12 shows a perspective view of the roof when down. 

1. A retractile car roof, in particular a hard top for a two-seater convertible, roadster, or the like, the roof having an arcuate rigid shell, a rear window for a rear opening in the rear roof part, a storage compartment extending transversely of the vehicle axis immediately behind the seats and into and out of which the roof part and its guide and drive means can move, the main roof part being guided on rails into its storage compartment, characterized in that the storage compartment (8) extends along a movement curve defined by the upward and downward travel of the roof part (2) to laterally of the seats (7), the rails (5) that are fixed on upright support plates (6) extending parallel to the vehicle longitudinal axis and fixed on the vehicle frame forming guides extending into the storage compartment (8) laterally of the seats for the roof-part rear ends (3), the rear window (9) being integrated directly to slide into and out of the roof part (2).
 2. The roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the guides extend along a curved arc.
 3. The roof according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the curved arc is part-circular or is formed as an S-curve of two part-circular arcs.
 4. The roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the roof part (2) is displaced by a motor into the storage compartment (8).
 5. The roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear window (9) has an arcuate shape corresponding to the arcuate shape of the roof part (2).
 6. The roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear window (9) is slightly circularly arcuate about a horizontal transverse axis of the vehicle and has a concave side (19) turned toward the passenger compartment.
 7. The roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear window (9) acts as a windscreen when extended.
 8. The roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear window (9) is provided with a peripheral seal.
 9. The roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the roof part (2) has a rotation-symmetrical shape corresponding to that of the storage compartment (8).
 10. The roof according to claim 1, characterized in that a front portion of the roof part (2) is provided with a roll bar (23).
 11. The roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the rails (5) are rigid, have a hard surface, and are of square-solid, square-tubular, U-, C-, or double-T-profile.
 12. The roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide slides (5) are provided with slide pads or rollers.
 13. The roof according to claim 12, characterized in that the guide slides (5) are pivotal at the ends (3) of the roof part (2).
 14. The roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear window (9) is pivotal on the vehicle body.
 15. The roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear window (9) can be retracted into the vehicle body. 